Brain Energy Metabolism

Determination of CO2 Production in Subcellular Preparations like Synaptosomes and Isolated Mitochondria Using 14C-Labeled Substrates and Radioactive CO2 Measurements.- Transport of Lactate: Characterization of the Transporters Involved in Transport at the Plasma Membrane by Heterologous Protein Expression in Xenopus Oocytes.- Primary Cultures of Astrocytes and Neurons as Model Systems to Study the Metabolism and Metabolite Export from Brain Cells.- Metabolic Mapping of Astrocytes and Neurons in Culture Using Stable Isotopes and Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS).- Metabolic Flux Analysis Tools to Investigate Brain Metabolism In Vitro.- Fluorescent Nanosensor Based Flux Analysis: Overview and the Example of Glucose.- Mitochondrial Bioenergetics Assessed by Functional Fluorescence Dyes.- RNA Interference as a Tool to Selectively Down-Modulate Protein Function.- Localizing and Quantifying Metabolites In Situ with Luminometry: Induced Metabolic Bioluminescence Imaging (imBI).- A Chip Off the Old Block: The Brain Slice as a Model for Metabolic Studies of Brain Compartmentation and Neuropharmacology.- Integrated Measurements of Electrical Activity, Oxygen Tension, Blood Flow, and Ca2+-Signaling in Rodents In Vivo.- Measuring Cerebral Hemodynamics and Energy Metabolism by Near-Infrared Spectroscopy.- Compartmental Analysis of Metabolism by 13C Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy.- Positron Emission Tomography of Brain Glucose Metabolism with [18F]Fluorodeoxyglucose in Humans.