Dendroclimatology
Progress and Prospects
(Sprache: Englisch)
Providing a state-of-the-art review of the field, this volume presents current advances in dendroclimatology, and looks ahead to potential future developments. The material is of particular interest to climatologists, hydrologists, ecologists and archeologists.
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Providing a state-of-the-art review of the field, this volume presents current advances in dendroclimatology, and looks ahead to potential future developments. The material is of particular interest to climatologists, hydrologists, ecologists and archeologists.
Klappentext zu „Dendroclimatology “
A top priority in climate research is obtaining broad-extent and long-term data to support analyses of historical patterns and trends, and for model development and evaluation. Along with directly measured climate data from the present and recent past, it is important to obtain estimates of long past climate variations spanning multiple centuries and millennia. These longer time perspectives are needed for assessing the unusualness of recent climate changes, as well as for providing insight on the range, variation and overall dynamics of the climate system over time spans exceeding available records from instruments, such as rain gauges and thermometers.
Tree rings have become increasingly valuable in providing this long-term information because extensive data networks have been developed in temperate and boreal zones of the Earth, and quantitative methods for analyzing these data have advanced. Tree rings are among the most useful paleoclimate information sources available because they provide a high degree of chronological accuracy, high replication, and extensive spatial coverage spanning recent centuries. With the expansion and extension of tree-ring data and analytical capacity new climatic insights from tree rings are being used in a variety of applications, including for interpretation of past changes in ecosystems and human societies.
This volume presents an overview of the current state of dendroclimatology, its contributions over the last 30 years, and its future potential. The material included is useful not only to those who generate tree-ring records of past climate-dendroclimatologists, but also to users of their results-climatologists, hydrologists, ecologists and archeologists.
'With the pressing climatic questions of the 21st century demanding a deeper understanding of the climate system and our impact upon it, this thoughtful volume comes at critical moment. It will be of fundamental importance in not
only guiding researchers, but in
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educating scientists and the interested lay person on the both incredible power and potential pitfalls of reconstructing climate using tree-ring analysis.', Glen M. MacDonald, UCLA Institute of the Environment, CA, USA
'This is an up-to-date treatment of all branches of tree-ring science, by the world's experts in the field, reminding us that tree rings are the most important source of proxy data on climate change. Should be read by all budding dendrochronology scientists.', Alan Robock, Rutgers University, NJ, USA
'This is an up-to-date treatment of all branches of tree-ring science, by the world's experts in the field, reminding us that tree rings are the most important source of proxy data on climate change. Should be read by all budding dendrochronology scientists.', Alan Robock, Rutgers University, NJ, USA
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Inhaltsverzeichnis zu „Dendroclimatology “
Chapter 1: High-resolution Paleoclimatology - R. BradleyWhat is high-resolution paleoclimatology? What are its major achievements? What opportunities and challenges does it now face? What should dendroclimatology's role be in this?
Chapter 2: Dendroclimatology in high-resolution Paleoclimatology - M. K. Hughes, H. F. Diaz and Th. W. Swetnam
An overview of the development of dendroclimatology and an introduction to the questions posed in this book. Scientific bases of dendroclimatology Chapter 3: How well understood are the processes that create tree-ring records? - G. Vaganov Starting at the most basic level of the environmental control of tree-ring formation, do we have the necessary biological and ecophysiological understanding of this to support inferences about climate variability from tree rings? What are the weak points of this understanding and how might they be strengthened?
Chapter 4: The state of the art of quantitative methods in dendroclimatology - E. Cook
How sound are the quantitative techniques commonly used in dendroclimatology, in chronology building, identification and reconstruction of climate variables and the checking of these reconstructions? Are they appropriate to the material being analyzed and to the climatological problems being addressed? How might they be improved?
Chapter 5: Detecting low-frequency change using tree rings - K. Briffa
What limits the ability of tree-ring records to faithfully record climate variability at low frequencies (multi-centennial to millennial)? How might those limitations be overcome, if at all? What are the advantages and limitations of older and more novel approaches? What are the implications of these limitations? Reconstruction of climate patterns and values relative to today's climate Chapter 6: Dendroclimatology at regional and continental scales - R. Villalba What have been the major contributions of dendroclimatology to climatology so far? In what regions and for which climate
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problems is exciting progress now being made? What next?
Chapter 7: Dendroclimatology at hemispheric and global scales - M. K. Hughes and M. Mann
What are the achievements of dendroclimatology as applied at hemispheric and global scales - climate patterns, circulation indices and large-scale means? What are the limitations of this approach? How might they be overcome? How might dendroclimatology contribute to the study of central pressing problems such as "How big is climate sensitivity"? How has the last century, and especially recent decades, compared with earlier centuries? How faithful a representation of variability in recent centuries does the 20th century instrumental record give? Particular attention will be given to: a) identifying the most robust findings; and b) the most serious limitations.
Chapter 8: Dendroclimatology, dendrohydrology and water resources management - C. Woodhouse and D. Meko
How may dendroclimatology contribute to the study of water resources? How may it be used to inform modern public and decision-maker expectations of climate variability?
Chapter 9: Dendroclimatology and the ecosystem impacts of climate - Th. W. Swetnam
How has dendroclimatology contributed to disturbance ecology? What is the significance of the recent changes in tree-growth-climate relationships observed in some regions, not only for dendroclimatology, but also for the understanding of the impacts of climate variability and change on ecosystems?
Chapter 10: Dendroclimatology and the understanding of the interactions between climate variability and ancient human societies - D. Stahle and J. Dean
How has dendroclimatology contributed to understanding of the relationships between climate variability and societies in ancient times?
Chapter 11: Tree rings and climate- sharpening the focus - M. K. Hughes, H. F. Diaz and Th. W. Swetnam
What has been learned, using tree rings, about natural climate variability and its environmental and social impacts? What are the most significant strengths and weaknesses of dendroclimatology and the needs of, and opportunities for, future work.
Chapter 7: Dendroclimatology at hemispheric and global scales - M. K. Hughes and M. Mann
What are the achievements of dendroclimatology as applied at hemispheric and global scales - climate patterns, circulation indices and large-scale means? What are the limitations of this approach? How might they be overcome? How might dendroclimatology contribute to the study of central pressing problems such as "How big is climate sensitivity"? How has the last century, and especially recent decades, compared with earlier centuries? How faithful a representation of variability in recent centuries does the 20th century instrumental record give? Particular attention will be given to: a) identifying the most robust findings; and b) the most serious limitations.
Chapter 8: Dendroclimatology, dendrohydrology and water resources management - C. Woodhouse and D. Meko
How may dendroclimatology contribute to the study of water resources? How may it be used to inform modern public and decision-maker expectations of climate variability?
Chapter 9: Dendroclimatology and the ecosystem impacts of climate - Th. W. Swetnam
How has dendroclimatology contributed to disturbance ecology? What is the significance of the recent changes in tree-growth-climate relationships observed in some regions, not only for dendroclimatology, but also for the understanding of the impacts of climate variability and change on ecosystems?
Chapter 10: Dendroclimatology and the understanding of the interactions between climate variability and ancient human societies - D. Stahle and J. Dean
How has dendroclimatology contributed to understanding of the relationships between climate variability and societies in ancient times?
Chapter 11: Tree rings and climate- sharpening the focus - M. K. Hughes, H. F. Diaz and Th. W. Swetnam
What has been learned, using tree rings, about natural climate variability and its environmental and social impacts? What are the most significant strengths and weaknesses of dendroclimatology and the needs of, and opportunities for, future work.
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Autoren-Porträt
Malcolm K. Hughes: Regents' Professor of Dendrochronology and Director Emeritus, Laboratory of Tree-Ring Research, University of Arizona is a paleoclimatologist specializing in the use of tree rings and other annual records to reconstruct and understand the past behavior of the climate system on geographic scales from local to global, and from time scales ranging from years to millennia. He has carried out research in Europe, North America, Russia, China, India and the Eastern Mediterranean region. Professor Hughes is a Fellow of the American Geophysical Union and Chair-Elect of the Section on Geology and Geography of the American Association for the Advancement of Science. Thomas W. Swetnam, Professor of Dendrochronology and Director of Laboratory of Tree-Ring Research, University of Arizona, is a forest ecologist and dendrochronologist specializing in the study of forest fires, insect outbreaks, and forest demography and the climatic and human causes of variations in forest ecosystems; graduate training in forestry, watershed management, and dendrochronology at the University of Arizona; has carried out extensive research in western North America, and in areas of South America and Siberia, Russia. Henry F. Diaz is a research climatologist with the Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences at the University of Colorado-Boulder. He is a recognized expert on the El Niño phenomenon, modern and paleo-climate changes, climate impacts, and other topics, and has published dozens of scientific journal articles on various topics related to the subject of climatic variations. He has edited several books, on topics such as El Niño, Climate Change and Water Resources, Climate Change in Mountains, and Climate Extremes and Society. He retired from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) in 2007 after a distinguished 33 years career in the federal civil service. Dr Diaz is a Fellow of the American Meteorological Society.
Bibliographische Angaben
- 2010, 2011, 368 Seiten, Maße: 16 x 24,1 cm, Gebunden, Englisch
- Herausgegeben:Hughes, Malcolm K.; Swetnam, Thomas W.; Diaz, Henry F.
- Herausgegeben: Malcolm K. Hughes, Henry F. Diaz, Thomas W. Swetnam
- Verlag: Springer Netherlands
- ISBN-10: 1402040105
- ISBN-13: 9781402040108
- Erscheinungsdatum: 30.10.2010
Sprache:
Englisch
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