Drive
The Surprising Truth About What Motivates Us
(Sprache: Englisch)
The New York Times bestseller that gives readers a paradigm-shattering new way to think about motivation from the author of When: The Scientific Secrets of Perfect Timing
Most people believe that the best way to...
Most people believe that the best way to...
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The New York Times bestseller that gives readers a paradigm-shattering new way to think about motivation from the author of When: The Scientific Secrets of Perfect TimingMost people believe that the best way to motivate is with rewards like money the carrot-and-stick approach. That's a mistake, says Daniel H. Pink (author of To Sell Is Human: The Surprising Truth About Motivating Others). In this provocative and persuasive new book, he asserts that the secret to high performance and satisfaction-at work, at school, and at home is the deeply human need to direct our own lives, to learn and create new things, and to do better by ourselves and our world.
Drawing on four decades of scientific research on human motivation, Pink exposes the mismatch between what science knows and what business does and how that affects every aspect of life. He examines the three elements of true motivation autonomy, mastery, and purpose-and offers smart and surprising techniques for putting these into action in a unique book that will change how we think and transform how we live.
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INTRODUCTIONThe Puzzling Puzzles ofHarry Harlow and Edward Deci
In the middle of the last century, two young scientists conductedexperiments that should have changed the world but did not.Harry F. Harlow was a professor of psychology at the Universityof Wisconsin who, in the 1940s, established one of the world s firstlaboratories for studying primate behavior. One day in 1949, Harlowand two colleagues gathered eight rhesus monkeys for a two- weekexperiment on learning. The researchers devised a simple mechanicalpuzzle like the one pictured on the next page. Solving it requiredthree steps: pull out the vertical pin, undo the hook, and lift thehinged cover. Pretty easy for you and me, far more challenging for athirteen- pound lab monkey.
Harlow s puzzle in the starting (left) and solved (right) positions.
The experimenters placed the puzzles in the monkeys cages toobserve how they reacted and to prepare them for tests of theirproblem- solving prowess at the end of the two weeks. But almostimmediately, something strange happened. Unbidden by any outsideurging and unprompted by the experimenters, the monkeys beganplaying with the puzzles with focus, determination, and what lookedlike enjoyment. And in short order, they began figuring out how thecontraptions worked. By the time Harlow tested the monkeys ondays 13 and 14 of the experiment, the primates had become quiteadept. They solved the puzzles frequently and quickly; two- thirds ofthe time they cracked the code in less than sixty seconds.
Now, this was a bit odd. Nobody had taught the monkeys howto remove the pin, slide the hook, and open the cover. Nobody hadrewarded them with food, affection, or even quiet applause whenthey succeeded. And that ran counter to the accepted notions of howprimates including the bigger- brained, less hairy primates knownas human beings behaved.
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Scientists then knew that two main drives powered behavior. Thefirst was the biological drive. Humans and other animals ate to satetheir hunger, drank to quench their thirst, and copulated to satisfytheir carnal urges. But that wasn t happening here. Solution did notlead to food, water, or sex gratification, Harlow reported.1But the only other known drive also failed to explain the monkeys peculiar behavior. If biological motivations came from within,this second drive came from without the rewards and punishmentsthe environment delivered for behaving in certain ways. This wascertainly true for humans, who responded exquisitely to such externalforces. If you promised to raise our pay, we d work harder. If youheld out the prospect of getting an A on the test, we d study longer.If you threatened to dock us for showing up late or for incorrectlycompleting a form, we d arrive on time and tick every box. But thatdidn t account for the monkeys actions either. As Harlow wrote, andyou can almost hear him scratching his head, The behavior obtainedin this investigation poses some interesting questions for motivationtheory, since significant learning was attained and efficient performancemaintained without resort to special or extrinsic incentives. What else could it be?
To answer the question, Harlow offered a novel theory whatamounted to a third drive: The performance of the task, he said, provided intrinsic reward. The monkeys solved the puzzles simplybecause they found it gratifying to solve puzzles. They enjoyed it.The joy of the task was its own reward.
If this notion was radical, what happened next only deepened theconfusion and controversy. Perhaps this newly discovered drive Harlow eventually called it intrinsic motivation was real. Butsurely it was subordinate to the other two drives. If the monkeyswere rewarded with raisins! for solving the puzzles, the
Scientists then knew that two main drives powered behavior. Thefirst was the biological drive. Humans and other animals ate to satetheir hunger, drank to quench their thirst, and copulated to satisfytheir carnal urges. But that wasn t happening here. Solution did notlead to food, water, or sex gratification, Harlow reported.1But the only other known drive also failed to explain the monkeys peculiar behavior. If biological motivations came from within,this second drive came from without the rewards and punishmentsthe environment delivered for behaving in certain ways. This wascertainly true for humans, who responded exquisitely to such externalforces. If you promised to raise our pay, we d work harder. If youheld out the prospect of getting an A on the test, we d study longer.If you threatened to dock us for showing up late or for incorrectlycompleting a form, we d arrive on time and tick every box. But thatdidn t account for the monkeys actions either. As Harlow wrote, andyou can almost hear him scratching his head, The behavior obtainedin this investigation poses some interesting questions for motivationtheory, since significant learning was attained and efficient performancemaintained without resort to special or extrinsic incentives. What else could it be?
To answer the question, Harlow offered a novel theory whatamounted to a third drive: The performance of the task, he said, provided intrinsic reward. The monkeys solved the puzzles simplybecause they found it gratifying to solve puzzles. They enjoyed it.The joy of the task was its own reward.
If this notion was radical, what happened next only deepened theconfusion and controversy. Perhaps this newly discovered drive Harlow eventually called it intrinsic motivation was real. Butsurely it was subordinate to the other two drives. If the monkeyswere rewarded with raisins! for solving the puzzles, the
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Autoren-Porträt von Daniel H. Pink
Daniel H. Pink is the author of five books, including To Sell Is Human and the long-running New York Times bestsellers A Whole New Mind and Drive. His books have been translated into thirty-three languages and have sold more than a million copies in the United States alone. Pink lives with his family in Washington, D.C.
Bibliographische Angaben
- Autor: Daniel H. Pink
- 2009, 256 Seiten, Maße: 16,2 x 23,6 cm, Gebunden, Englisch
- Verlag: Riverhead Hardcover
- ISBN-10: 1594488843
- ISBN-13: 9781594488849
- Erscheinungsdatum: 18.07.2011
Sprache:
Englisch
Pressezitat
"Pink makes a convincing case that organizations ignore intrinsic motivation at their peril." -Scientific American
"Persuasive . . .Harnessing the power of intrinsic motivation rather than extrinsic remuneration can be thoroughly satisfying and infinitely more rewarding."
-Miami Herald
"These lessons are worth repeating, and if more companies feel emboldened to follow Mr. Pink's advice, then so much the better."
-Wall Street Journal
"Pink is rapidly acquiring international guru status . . . He is an engaging writer, who challenges and provokes."
-Financial Times
"Pink's ideas deserve a wide hearing. Corporate boards, in fact, could do well by kicking out their pay consultants for an hour and reading Pink's conclusions instead."
-Forbes
"Pink's deft traversal of research at the intersection of psychology and economics make this a worthwhile read-no sticks necessary."
-SEED
"[Pink] continues his engaging exploration of how we work."
-Inc. Magazine
"Pink's a gifted writer who turns even the heaviest scientific study into something digestible-and often amusing-without losing his intellectual punch."
-New York Post
"A worthwhile read. It reminds us that those of us on the right side of the brain are driven furthest and fastest in pursuit of what we love."
-Minneapolis Star Tribune
"Pink's analysis--and new model--of motivation offers tremendous insight into our deepest nature."
-Publishers Weekly
"Important reading...an integral addition to a growing body of literature that argues for a radical shift in how businesses operate."
-Kirkus
"Drive is the rare book that will get you to think and inspire you to act. Pink makes a strong, science-based case for rethinking motivation--and then provides the tools you need to transform your life."
-Dr. Mehmet Oz, co-author of YOU: The Owners Manual
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