Educational Research: Planning, Conducting, and Evaluating Quantitative and Qualitative Research, Global Edition

PART 1: An Introduction to Educational Research

1. The Process of Conducting Research Using Quantitative and Qualitative Approaches

PART 2: The Steps in the Process of Research

Identifying a Research Problem

Reviewing the Literature

Specifying a Purpose and Research Questions or Hypotheses

Collecting Quantitative Data

Analyzing and Interpreting Quantitative Data

Collecting Qualitative Data

Analyzing and Interpreting Qualitative Data

Reporting and Evaluating Research

PART 3: Research Designs

Experimental Designs

Correlational Designs

Survey Designs

Grounded Theory Designs

Ethnographic Designs

Narrative Research Designs

Mixed Methods Designs

Action Research Designs

APPENDICES

Determine Size Using Sample Size Tables

Commonly Used Statistics in Educational Research

Nonnormal Distribution

Strategies for Defending a Research Proposal

About our authors

John W. Creswell, PhD is a Professor of Family Medicine and Senior Research Scientist in the Michigan Mixed Methods Program at the University of Michigan, USA. He has authored numerous articles and 34 books on mixed methods research, qualitative research, and research design. In 2007 he co-founded the Journal of Mixed Methods Research. In 2008 he was a Senior Fulbright Scholar to South Africa in 2008 and to Thailand in 2012. In 2011, he co-led a National Institute of Health working group on the best practices of mixed methods research in the health sciences, served as a Visiting Professor at Harvards School of Public Health and received an honorary doctorate from the University of Pretoria, South Africa. In 2014, he was the founding President of the Mixed Methods International Research Association. In 2015, he joined the staff of Family Medicine at the University of Michigan to Co-Direct the Michigan Mixed Methods Program. In 2018, he co-authored the standards for qualitative and mixed methods research for the American Psychological Association.

Timothy C. Guetterman, PhD is an applied research methodologist specialized in general research design and mixed methods research. Tim is currently a faculty member and Associate Director of the Mixed Methods Program in the Department of Family Medicine at the University of Michigan. His methodological interest is to advance rigorous methods of quantitative, qualitative, and mixed methods research, particularly strategies for intersecting and integrating qualitative and quantitative research. He serves as a methodologist on research projects across disciplines. Much of his primary research is at the intersection of health and education. Through funded federal, foundation, and institution grants, he investigates informatics technology to improve equitable health communication, education, and assessment. Tim is also actively engaged in teaching, learning,