Pediatric Neurogenic Bladder Dysfunction

The Normal Lower Urinary Tract.- Embriology and Anatomy of the excretory Urinary Tract.- Physiology of the Lower Urinary Tract.- Functional Pathophysiology of the Lower Urinary Tract.- Epidemiology of Neurogenic Bladder Dysfunction in Children.- Pathophysiology of Neurogenic Bladder Dysfunction.- Pathologies Responsible for the Development of NBD.- Genetic Risk Factors for Neural Tube Defects: Folic Acid Supplementation and Prevention of Birth Defects.- Developmental Anomalies Responsible for Neurogenic Bladder Dysfunction.- Neurologic Bladder in Neuropathies.- Pediatric Intraspinal Lesions.- Spinal Cord Injuries and Neurogenic Bladder Dysfunction.- Neurogenic Bladder and Anorectal Malformations.- Neurogenic Bladder in Infections of the Nervous System.- Evaluation and Classification of NBD.- Clinical Diagnosis and Evaluation.- The Voiding Diary.- Imaging Techniques in Pediatric Patients with Neurogenic Bladder Dysfunction.- The Role of Scintigraphy in the Management of Children with Neurogenic Bladder Dysfunction.- Urodynamics.- Electrophysiology.- Endoscopy.- Simplified Approach and Practical Classification.- Conservative Treatment.- Clean Intermittent Catheterization.- Pharmacological Therapy in Neuropathic Bladder.- Pelvic Floor Therapy.- Sacral Nerve Stimulation.- Botulinum Toxin Injections to Treat Neurogenic Bladder - Sphincter Dysfunction in Pediatric Patients.- Surgical Treatment.- Endoscopic Approach to Urinary Incontinence in Pediatric Neurogenic Bladder Dysfunction.- Sling Procedures for Neuropathic Sphincter Incontinence.- Bladder Neck Reconstructions in Children with Neurogenic Bladder.- Artificial Urinary Sphincter.- Enterocystoplasty.- Gastrocystoplasty.- Laparoscopic-Assisted Augmentation Ureterocystoplasty.- The Mitrofanoff Principle in UrinaryReconstruction in Children.- Management of Constipation in Neurogenic Bladder Dysfunction.- The Antegrade Continence Enema Procedure: Long-Term Results.- Neurosurgical Treatment of Neurogenic Bladder