Solar Flare Loops: Observations and Interpretations

Introduction;



Chap1 Theory of microwave emissions of solar flaring loops

1.1 Observational characteristics of microwave emissions

1.2 Gyro-synchrotron emission

<1.3 Electron pitch-angle anisotropy

1.4 Propagation of electrons and its effect on gyro-synchrotron emission

1.5 Effects of other parameters on gyro-synchrotron emission



Chap 2 Observations and explanations of microwave emissions in solar flaring loops

2.1 Studies on spatially unresolvable observations

2.2 Distribution of brightness of microwave emissions

2.3 Statistical studies on the microwave brightness distributions

2.4 Spectral properties of microwave emissions

2.5 Distribution and evolution of radio polarization



Chap 3 Theories of X-ray emissions in solar flaring loops

3.1 Thick-target and thin-target models

3.2 Propagation of electrons and its effect on X-ray emission



3.3 Spatial distribution of X-ray Brightness



Chap 4 Observations and explanations of X-ray emissions in flaring loops

4.1 Overview

4.2 Distribution of hard X-ray brightness: loop top and feet

4.3 Spectral index of hard X-ray emissions: loop top and feet

4.4 A new pattern of hard X-ray spectral evolution

4.5 Evolution of hard X-ray spectra in dependence of energies

4.6 Evolution of hard X-ray spectra in dependence of locations

4.7 Asymmetry of X-ray brightness in flaring loop feet



Chap 5 Diagnostics of flaring parameters

5.1 Overview

5.2 Diagnosis of coronal magnetic field and non-thermal electron density

5.3 Diagnosis of low-energy cutoff and spectral index of non-thermal electrons

Guangli Huang got his PhD in purple Mountain Observatory (PMO). He has been working on solar radio and plasma astrophysics since 1985. He was the leading scientist of research group of solar activities in PMO during 1999-2010, the pre-doctorial fellowship of Smithsonian Institute of USA, the post-doctor of K.C. Wang and CNRS in France, and the Visiting Professor of MEXT in Japan. He won the second class prize of natural science of CAS and first class prize of science and technology of Beijing.

Victor F. Melnikov got his PhD and Doctor of Science in Radiophysical Research Institute, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia. He is now working on solar flare physics and radio diagnosis of solar activities, as the principal scientist in Pulkovo Observatory of Russian Academy of Sciences. He was the Council member of CESRA and Solar Physics Division of EPS in 2007-2014, actively cooperated with American, Brazilian, Chinese, European, and Japanese colleagues.


Haisheng Ji got his PhD in Purple Mountain Observatory (2000) and was a post-doctor at Big Bear Solar Observatory during 2001-2004. He works in flare physics at optical and X-ray bands, as the leading scientist of research group of solar activities from 2011.