The Analects (ePub)

Confucius, Latinized from Kong Fuzi, which means 'Master Kong', is a title bestowed upon Kong Qiu, an influential Chinese philosopher and educator who lived from 551 to 479 B.C.E. during the Spring and Autumn period of Chinese history. His philosophical teachings, which emphasize personal and governmental morality, correctness of social relationships, justice, kindness, and sincerity, are foundational to East Asian culture and have had a lasting impact across the globe. Confucius is credited with authoring and editing many classical Chinese texts including the Five Classics, although scholarly consensus primarily recognizes him for 'The Analects' (Lunyu), a collection of his sayings and ideas compiled by his disciples posthumously. His literary style is characterized by pithy statements and dialogues that focused on practical wisdom and ethical doctrines. Rather than reliance on metaphysical speculation, Confucius's philosophy promoted the cultivation of virtue and maintenance of ethics in personal and state affairs. His work not only shaped the state ideology of various Chinese dynasties but also influenced the intellectual traditions of neighboring countries. As such, Confucius is often revered as the 'Great Sage' and continues to be a symbol of Chinese cultural heritage and philosophical insight.