Fortschritte der Chemie Organischer Naturstoffe / Progress in the Chemistry of Organic Natural Products / Progrès dans la Chimie des Substances Organiques Naturelles.Bd.23

of S-Adenosylmethionine.- b. S-Adenosyl-3-methylmercaptopropylamine.- c. Hydrolysis of S-Adenosylmethionine.- d. Effect of Alkali on S-Adenosylmethionine and Related Compounds.- e. Diastereoisomers of S-Adenosylmethionine.- V. Origin and Metabolism of Biological Sulfonium Compounds.- 1. Dimethyl-?-propiothetin.- 2. S-Methylsulfonium Salt of Methionine (S-Methylmethionine).- 3. S-Adenosylmethionine.- VI. Metabolic Functions of Biological Sulfonium Compounds.- 1. Transmethylations.- a. General Considerations.- b. The Diversity of Methyl Acceptors.- c. Analytical Techniques.- d. Attempts to Explain the Mechanism of Transmethylation.- 2. Biosynthesis of Spermidine and Spermine.- 3. Formation of Homoserine Lactone and Homoserine from S-Adenosylmethionine.- VII. Derivatives and Analogues of Biological Sulfonium Compounds.- 1. Analogues for Metabolic Studies.- 2. Sulfonium Derivatives of Protein-bound Methionine.- References.- Some Aspects of the Chemistry and Function of Human and Animal Hemoglobins..- I. Introduction.- II. Nomenclature.- III. The Amino Acid Sequence of Human Hemoglobins A and F.- 1. Hemoglobin A.- a. The Amino Acid Sequence of the ?AChain.- b. The Amino Acid Sequence of the ?AChain.- 2. Hemoglobin F.- a. The Amino Acid Sequence of the ?F Chain.- b. The Amino Acid Sequence of the ?F Chain.- 3. A Comparison of Hemoglobins A and F.- 4. A Comparison of the ? and ? Chains.- IV. Other Hemoglobins in the Normal Human Individual.- 1. The Hemoglobin Components of the New-born Infant.- 2. The Hemoglobin Components of the Adult.- V. The Abnormal Human Hemoglobins.- 1. Methods.- 2. Nomenclature.- 3. Some General Genetic Considerations.- 4. Hemoglobins with Abnormalities in the ? Chain.- 5. Hemoglobins with Abnormalities in the ? Chain.- 6. Hemoglobins with Abnormalities in the ? Chain.- 7. Hemoglobins with Abnormalities in the ? Chain.- 8. Hemoglobins with Other Abnormalities.- 9. General Remarks.- VI Animal Hemoglobins.- 1. Gross Structure of Animal Hemoglobins.- 2. Adult and Fetal Forms.- 3. Nomenclature of the Animal Hemoglobins.- 4. Sequences in the Animal Hemoglobins.- a. ? Chains.- b. ? Chains.- c. ? Chains.- VII. Hemoglobin in Three Dimensions.- 1. Introduction.- 2. The Relationship between Hemoglobin and Myoglobin.- 3. Pertinent Aspects of the Structure of Myoglobin.- 4. The ? and ? Chains - Secondary and Tertiary Structure.- 5. The Quaternary Structure.- 6. The Three-dimensional Structure of Hemoglobins from Different Species.- 7. Oxygenation and Structural Alterations.- VIII. Chemical Modifications of Hemoglobin.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Reactions of the Heme Group.- 3. Titration Curves and their Interpretation.- 4. Reactions of the Sulfhydryl Group.- 5. Other Reactions.- 6. Conclusions.- IX. Reversible Dissociation and Subunit Hybridization of Hemoglobin.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Possible Modes of Dissociation.- 3. Evidence for Dissociation.- 4. Mechanism of Dissociation and Subunit Hybridization.- 5. Other Factors which Influence Dissociation and Subunit Hybridization.- 6. Comments on Dissociation and Hybridization.- X. The Biosynthesis of Hemoglobin.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Genetic Control of Hemoglobin Structure.- 3. Biosynthesis of the Polypeptide Chains of Globin.- a. The Activation of Amino Acids for Protein Biosynthesis.- b. DNA and the Role of m-RNA.- c. The Function of the Ribosomes.- d. The Assembling of the Polypeptide Chain.- e. The Final Release of the Protein.- 4. Biosynthesis of Heme.- 5. The Attachment of Heme to Globin Chains.- 6. Assembly of Chains into the Whole Hemoglobin Molecule.- References.- Kollagen.- I. Einleitung.- II. Übersicht.- III. Aminosäurezusammensetzung.- 1. Kollagene der Wirbeltiere.- 2. Kollagene im niederen Tierreich.- IV. Primärstruktur.- 1. Aminosäuresequenzen des Kollagens.- a. Partielle Säure- und Alkali-Hydrolyse.- b. Enzymatische Methoden.- ?) Abbau des denaturierten Kollagens mit Trypsin.- ?) Kollagenase - der Schlüssel für die apolaren Bereiche.- ?) Isolierung der apolaren Bereiche.- ?) Isolierung der polaren Bereiche.- 2 Alkali- und Hydroxylamin-empfindliche Bindungen, Endgruppen und Acetylgruppen.- 3. Quervernetzungen.- V. Sekundär- und Tertiärstruktur.- 1. Ergebnisse der Röntgenstruktur-Untersuchung.- 2. Physikalische Eigenschaften des nativen Kollagenmoleküls.- 3. Denaturiertes lösliches Kollagen.- VI. Zerfall und Rückbildung der Sekundär- und Tertiärstruktur (De- und Renaturierung).- 1. Denaturierung in Lösung.- 2. Denaturierung im festen Zustand (Schrumpfung).- 3. Renaturierung in Lösung.- 4. Der De- und Renaturierung des Kollagens analoge Umwandlungen von (Pro · Gly · Pro)n in Lösung.- VII. Bau und Bildung der Fibrillen und Segmente (Quartärstrukturen).- 1. Die nativen Fibrillen.- a. Das Querstreifungsmuster.- b. Die Ursache der Querstreifung.- 2. Der molekulare Bau der verschiedenen Kollagenstrukturen.- a. Das Querstreifungsmuster der Long-spacing-Segmente (SLS).- b. Die Anordnung der Kollagenmoleküle in den Fibrillen des nativen Typs.- c. Die Anordnung der Moleküle in den Long-spacing-Fibrillen (FLS).- d. Die End-an-End-Zusammenlagerung der Kollagenmoleküle.- 3. Die Fibrillenbildung.- 4. Die Beeinflussung der Fibrillenbildung in vitro.- VIII. Stoffwechsel des Kollagens.- 1. Biosynthese.- 2. Reifung und Alterung.- 3. Abbau im Körper.- 4. Mineralisierung.- 5. Kollagenosen.- Some Applications of Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy in Natural Product Chemistry.- I. Introduction.- II. Principles of Application.- 1. Determination of Empirical Formulae.- 2. Determination of the Classes of Protons in a Molecule. The Chemical Shift.- 3. The Number of Protons in a Given Class. Intensities.- 4. The Sequence of Groups in Molecules. Electron Coupled Spin-Spin Interaction.- 5. An Example of Application to Structure Determination.- 6. Applications to the Elucidation of Relative Stereochemistry and Conformation.- III. Examples in Natural Product Chemistry.- 1. Steroids.- 2. Carbohydrates.- 3. Carotenoids and Acyclic Terpenes.- 4. Flavonoids and Related Compounds.- 5. Alkaloids.- References.- Namenverzeichnis. Index of Names. Index des Auteurs.- Sachverzeichnis. Index of Subjects. Index des Matières.